The Athletic has an article about the greatest pitching season in the last 50 years, and they boiled it down to 1985 Dwight Gooden and 2000 Pedro Martinez. It's behind a paywall so I can't see what they determine.
1985 Gooden: 276.2 ip, 24-4, 1.53 era, 1.69 fip, 229 era+, 0.97 whip, 8.7 k/9, 12.2 bWAR
2000 Pedro: 217.0 ip, 18-6, 1.74 era, 2.17 fip, 291 era+, 0.74 whip, 11.8 k/9, 11.7 bWAR
Gooden had a better W-L record, raw era, fip, and WAR, which is basically due to his huge lead in innings pitched. Pedro had a better era+, whip, and k/9.
It's not clear to me that either of these seasons is even better than Pedro's 1999:
1999 Pedro: 213.1 ip, 23-4, 2.07 era, 1.39 fip, 243 era+, 0.92 whip, 13.2 k/9, 9.8 bWAR
Obviously, by some metrics, Pedro's 1999 is better than either 1985 Gooden or 2000 Pedro: fip and k/9.
Which year do you guys think was better: Gooden's 1985 or Pedro's 2000?
By the way....average era in the NL in 1985 was 3.59, so Gooden was 2.06 points better than league average. The average era in the AL in 2000 was 4.91, so Pedro was 3.17 points better than league average (hence the huge difference in era+).
Doc Gooden was an outstanding talent; too bad he wasted it away in the manner he did.
Anyway, relevant to your question: Gooden's 1985 season is indeed one for the record books. Summarizing where Gooden's stats stood in relation to other league leaders:
Wins: #1, 3 more than 2nd place Juaquin Andujar
ERA: #1. John Tudor (!) was 2nd w/ a 1.93.
IP: #1, his 276.2 slightly more than John Tudor's 275),
K's: 52 more than 2nd place Mario Soto
ERA+: 44 more than Tudor.
FIP: Big lead over 2nd place Rick Reuschel (2.58); Tudor was 3rd at 2.71
WHIP: 2nd in WHIP, his 0.97 squeezing in between Tudor (0.94) and Eckersley (0.97). FWIW, this was Eck's final season as a full time starter.
K/9: His 8.7 trailed only teammate Sid Fernandez (9.5)
BB/9: Gooden's 2.2 was good enough for 8.
HR/9: 0.4, which was 4th behind Orel Hershiser, Reuschel, and Bill Gullickson.
K/BB: Eckersley led the league w/ 6.2. Gooden's 3.9 was good enough for 3rd, with Lamar Hoyt slotting in for 2nd.
Hits/9: Gooden's 6.4 trailed only Fernandez's 5.7.
bWAR: Tudor was 2nd at 8.1.
But compared to Pedro in 2000:
Wins: #4, behind Tim Hudson (20), David Wells (20), and Andy Pettite (19)
ERA: His 1.74 was nearly 2 runs better than 2nd place Clemens.
IP: Pedro finished 8th as he missed roughly 5 starts over the course of the year.
K's: His 284 were 72 more than 2nd place Bartolo Colon
ERA+: The next closest were Mike Sirotka and Clemens at 133. Not sure if there's ever been a 160 point gap between the first and 2nd place finishers previously or since.
FIP: Again, not remotely resembling anything close; Wells was 2nd at 3.50.
WHIP: Mike Mussina was 2nd with 1.19.
K/9: 1.8 more than Colon's.
BB/9: Pedro's 1.3 was good for 2nd behind Wells' 1.2
HR/9: 0.7, tied for first w/ Andy Pettitte and Aaron Sele.
K/BB: 8.9. Wells was 2nd place...somewhere....searching...in the 5's.
Hits/9: 5.3. Tim Hudson was 2nd w/ 7.5.
bWAR: Pedro's 11.7 nearly doubled Radke's 6.2.
In terms of dominance relative to the rest of the league's best pitchers, it's Pedro in 2000, and I don't think it's particularly close either. The only contender, IMO, is Pedro's 1999, where he similarly lapped the field, albeit with a smaller margin of victory in the bWAR and ERA+ race.