This isn't an exercise in the *best* players necessarily, though obviously "best" will be part of the equation. It's most important, which may include, in your estimation, age and contract and position, etc. I'll go with the top 15 players, in my opinion, in terms of their relative importance to the New England Patriots.
1. Tom Brady. Obviously.
2. Rob Gronkowski. The offense is completely different when he's not there. Best TE in the game, by far. One of the best weapons in all of football.
3. Devin McCourty. Dynamic safety, his play allows the corners to be even better.
4. Jamie Collins. Most versatile defender on the team, he allows Patricia all sorts of flexibility.
5. Julian Edelman. Incredible player - receiver, runner, punt returner. Mr. Clutch.
6. Sebastian Vollmer. With Solder out, Vollmer becomes a crucially important player for the O-line.
7. Dont'a Hightower. The punisher on defense, works very well with Collins.
8. Malcolm Butler. Emerging star at CB, does a good job taking on the other team's #1 WR.
9. Dion Lewis. Not that they couldn't find a potential replacement, but he's been so dynamic, he gives them a weapon few teams have.
10. Chandler Jones. Excellent edge rusher, can also move inside if they need him to.
11. Alan Branch. He's been a mountain in the middle this year, solidifying the D-line.
12. Stephen Gostkowski. What a kicking weapon.
13. Duron Harmon. He's been outstanding working with McCourty in the defensive backfield.
14. David Andrews. As a rookie, he stepped in and was huge in helping the Patriots overcome the loss of Stork. But now that Stork is back, if they lost Andrews, it's not that big a blow, hence his spot further down this list.
15. Jabaal Sheard. He has been terrific, but injured. Has helped Ninkovich and Jones because now there's three quality guys in the rotation.
Note: The Patriots have rotated OL and DL (especially DT) players so much that it's hard to put guys like Easley or Malcolm Brown or Siliga or Kline or Mason or Jackson or Cannon on this list, because the loss of any one of them isn't a killer for the team. Of course, that didn't stop me from putting Branch and Andrews on there.... YMMV.
1. Tom Brady. Obviously.
2. Rob Gronkowski. The offense is completely different when he's not there. Best TE in the game, by far. One of the best weapons in all of football.
3. Devin McCourty. Dynamic safety, his play allows the corners to be even better.
4. Jamie Collins. Most versatile defender on the team, he allows Patricia all sorts of flexibility.
5. Julian Edelman. Incredible player - receiver, runner, punt returner. Mr. Clutch.
6. Sebastian Vollmer. With Solder out, Vollmer becomes a crucially important player for the O-line.
7. Dont'a Hightower. The punisher on defense, works very well with Collins.
8. Malcolm Butler. Emerging star at CB, does a good job taking on the other team's #1 WR.
9. Dion Lewis. Not that they couldn't find a potential replacement, but he's been so dynamic, he gives them a weapon few teams have.
10. Chandler Jones. Excellent edge rusher, can also move inside if they need him to.
11. Alan Branch. He's been a mountain in the middle this year, solidifying the D-line.
12. Stephen Gostkowski. What a kicking weapon.
13. Duron Harmon. He's been outstanding working with McCourty in the defensive backfield.
14. David Andrews. As a rookie, he stepped in and was huge in helping the Patriots overcome the loss of Stork. But now that Stork is back, if they lost Andrews, it's not that big a blow, hence his spot further down this list.
15. Jabaal Sheard. He has been terrific, but injured. Has helped Ninkovich and Jones because now there's three quality guys in the rotation.
Note: The Patriots have rotated OL and DL (especially DT) players so much that it's hard to put guys like Easley or Malcolm Brown or Siliga or Kline or Mason or Jackson or Cannon on this list, because the loss of any one of them isn't a killer for the team. Of course, that didn't stop me from putting Branch and Andrews on there.... YMMV.